ขาย อิสลาม, Otoritarianism, Missing Missing อุปกรณ์ทําความสะอาด ราคาที่ดีที่สุด

Why do muslim-majority countries show a high level of authoritarianism and a low level of socioeconomic development compared to the world 's average? Ahmet t. Kuru criticizes explanations that point to islam as the cause of the difference, Because in philosophy and socioeconomics, The muslim world was more advanced than western europe between the 9th and 12th centuries ad. Western colonialism was also not the cause: The muslim world had already suffered political and socioeconomic problems when colonization began. Kuru suggests that the muslim world already had influential thinkers and traders in its early history, When religious orthodoxy and military power remained prevalent in europe. However, in the 11th century, an alliance between islamic orthodox scholars and military states began to emerge. The alliance gradually prevented intellectual and economic creativity by marginalizing the intellectual and bourgeois classes in the muslim world. This important study links historical explanations to current politics by showing that to this day, The alliance of scholars continued to make creativity and competition difficult in muslim countries. Ahmet t. Kuru is a professor of political science and director of the center for islamic and arabic studies at san diego university. He wrote secularism and state policies towards religion: The united states, france, and turkey (Cambridge 2009) Who received the award and editor (With alfred stepan) Democracy, islam, and secularism in turkey (2012). His works have been translated into arabic, bosnian, persian, french, chinese, and turkish. This book (Original title / islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment: A global and historical clarison)It is one of the two winners of the american political science association 's international history and politics award.